Introduction

In this article, I will show you the best way to generate a TSID entity identifier with JPA and Hibernate.

Prior to continuing, if you are not familiar with the advantages of using compact Time-Sorted Identifiers, like TSID, check out this article first.

Hypersistence Utils

As promised, the Hypersistence Utils OSS library keeps on evolving, adding more and more utilities to help you implement a high-performance data access layer.

Starting with the 3.2 version, Hypersistence Utils provides a TSID entity identifier generator that can automatically assign time-sorted identifiers when you persist a given entity.

Depending on the Hibernate version you are using, there are two ways you can use this TSID entity identifier generator.

Generate a TSID entity identifier with JPA and Hibernate 6

If you’re using Hibernate 6, then you first need to add the hypersistence-utils-hibernate-60 dependency to your Maven pom.xml file:

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.hypersistence</groupId>
    <artifactId>hypersistence-utils-hibernate-60</artifactId>
    <version>${hypersistence-utils.version}</version>
</dependency>

Afterward, you can use the @Tsid annotation right next to the @Id annotation, as illustrated by the following entity mapping:

@Entity(name = "Post")
@Table(name = "post")
public class Post {

    @Id @Tsid
    private Long id;

    private String title;

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public Post setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
        return this;
    }

    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }

    public Post setTitle(String title) {
        this.title = title;
        return this;
    }
}

And, when we persist the Post entity:

entityManager.persist(
    new Post()
        .setTitle("High-Performance Java Persistence")
);

Hibernate will generate the following SQL INSERT statement:

INSERT INTO post (
    title, 
    id
) 
VALUES (
    'High-Performance Java Persistence', 
    414142131136227703
)

The @Tsid annotation works on Long, String, or TSID entity identifier types and generates the appropriate time-sorted Object type.

Generate a TSID entity identifier with JPA and Hibernate 5

If you’re using Hibernate 5, then you need to add one of the following dependencies to your project:

• hypersistence-utils-hibernate-55 for Hibernate 5.6 and 5.5
• hypersistence-utils-hibernate-52 for Hibernate 5.4, 5.3, and 5.2
• hypersistence-utils-hibernate-5 for Hibernate 5.1 and 5.0

For Hibernate 5.6, we will first add the hypersistence-utils-hibernate-55 dependency like this:

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.hypersistence</groupId>
    <artifactId>hypersistence-utils-hibernate-55</artifactId>
    <version>${hypersistence-utils.version}</version>
</dependency>

Afterward, you can use the TsidGenerator identifier generator, as illustrated by the following entity mapping:

@Entity(name = "Post")
@Table(name = "post")
public class Post {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(generator = "tsid")
    @GenericGenerator(
        name = "tsid",
        strategy = "io.hypersistence.utils.hibernate.id.TsidGenerator"
    )
    private Long id;

    private String title;

    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public Post setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
        return this;
    }

    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }

    public Post setTitle(String title) {
        this.title = title;
        return this;
    }
}

And, when we persist the Post entity:

entityManager.persist(
    new Post()
        .setTitle("High-Performance Java Persistence")
);

Hibernate will generate the following SQL INSERT statement:

INSERT INTO post (
    title, 
    id
) 
VALUES (
    'High-Performance Java Persistence', 
    414147868608769831
)

The TsidGenerator generator can assign time-sorted values for Long, String, or TSID entity identifier types.

How to customize the TSID value generator

If you want to customize the TSID generation, then you can provide a class that extends the Supplier<TSID.Factory>, like this one:

public static class CustomTsidSupplier 
    implements Supplier<TSID.Factory> {

    @Override
    public TSID.Factory get() {
        return TSID.Factory.builder()
            .withNodeBits(1)
            .build();
    }
}

For Hibernate 6, the CustomTsidSupplier can be provided via the @Tsid annotation:

@Id
@Tsid(CustomTsidSupplier.class)
private Long id;

And for Hibernate 5, like this:

@Id
@GeneratedValue(generator = "tsid")
@GenericGenerator(
    name = "tsid",
    strategy = "io.hypersistence.utils.hibernate.id.TsidGenerator",
    parameters = @Parameter(
        name = TsidGenerator.TSID_FACTORY_SUPPLIER_PARAM,
        value = "io.hypersistence.utils.hibernate.id.CustomTsidSupplier"
    )
)
private Long id;

That’s it!

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Conclusion

While you can also assign the TSID identifier value manually prior to persisting the JPA or Hibernate entity, using the Hypersistence Utils @Tsid or the TsidGenerator is even more convenient.

If you want to give it a try, check out the TsidIdentifierTest integration test in the Hypersistence Utils project.

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