How to bootstrap JPA programmatically without the persistence.xml configuration file

Introduction One of my Twitter followers asked me if there is any documentation for bootstrapping JPA programmatically so that we can replace the persistence.xml configuration file with a Java configuration: Previously, I wrote an article about bootstrapping Hibernate without the persistence.xml, but that solution was based on the Hibernate-specific EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl. In this article, I’m going to give you a solution that works with any JPA provider since it’s based on standard Java Persistence API.